21 Business Days Deadline for Developers to Apply for Low-Income Bonus
The allocation portal opened at 9:00am ET on Thursday, October 19th. All applications received within the first 30 days will be treated as received at the same time. The last day, November 17th, is when the federal government will potentially shut down, unless Congress passes a budget or another continuing resolution.
Takeaways
- The low-income community bonus is an allocated – that is, capped – credit, and we believe it will be fully utilized
- Developers must apply for an allocation through the Department of Energy. All applications received within the initial 30 days will be treated as received at the same time
- There are 21 business days in the 30-day window. The last day coincides with the expiration of the federal government’s current continuing resolution
- Allocation amounts can different from applied-for amounts
Overview of the low-income community bonus
The low-income bonus is designed to incentivize investment in communities that have historically been left behind. Specifically, the credit promotes wind, solar, and associated energy storage investments in low-income communities, on Indian land, as part of affordable housing developments, or benefitting low-income households.
The low-income bonus is an allocated credit. For 2023, the bonus is subject to an 1,800 MW annual capacity limitation, which is further allocated across four categories:
- Located in a low-income community: 700 MW
- Located on Indian land: 200 MW
- Qualified Low-Income Residential Project: 200 MW
- Qualified Low-Income Economic Benefit Project: 700 MW
Projects in the first two categories receive a 10% bonus credit value, while projects in the third and fourth categories receive a 20% bonus credit value. All low-income projects must be less than 5 MWac in size.
For 2023, the 700 MW in category one will be further subdivided: 560 MW will be reserved for residential rooftop solar and other “behind-the-meter” (BTM) facilities, and 140 MW will be reserved for “front-of-the-meter” (FTM) facilities.
The bonus is available for §48 and §48E credits
The low-income bonus is only applicable to §48 and §48E investment tax credits. The latter credit, the technology-neutral ITC, is available to projects placed in service in 2025 or later, so it’s possible that many developers will generate §48E ITCs.
How to apply
Since the low-income bonus is an allocated bonus, developers must apply for and receive an allocation from the IRS. (The DOE administers the application process, but the IRS ultimately makes allocation decisions.)
The DOE has published a checklist for applicants in each category.
If any category or sub-category is oversubscribed during the initial 30-day period, the IRS will make awards based on a randomized lottery. Following the initial 30-day period, any leftover capacity will be awarded on a first-come, first-served basis. Applicants may only submit one application per facility, per program year.
The IRS will make allocations with certain ownership and location priorities in mind:
- Ownership: Priority will be given to (1) projects owned directly or indirectly by Indian tribes; (2) consumer or purchasing cooperatives with controlling members who are workers or from low-income households; (3) tax-exempt charities and religious organizations; and (4) state and local governments, and U.S. territories, Indian tribes, and rural electrical cooperatives
- Location: Priority will be given to (1) persistent poverty counties, where 20% of residents have experienced high rates of poverty of the last 30 years; and (2) and census tracts designated as “disadvantaged” in the Climate and Economic Justice Screening Tool (CEJST)
Once a developer has an allocation, they will have four years to complete the project and place it in service.
When to apply
All applications received within the first 30 days will be treated as received at the same time
The allocation portal opened on Thursday, October 19th at 9:00am ET. Applications submitted within 30 days of this date will be treated as submitted on the same date and at the same time.
Submit applications before November 17th, when the federal government’s current continuing resolution expires
The 30th day of the application window falls on Friday, November 17th. Developers should strive to submit their applications before this day because the federal government’s current, 45-day continuing resolution expires at the end of it.
Allocation amounts may differ from application amounts
Developers who receive an allocation will receive an award letter from the IRS with their allocation amount. Notably, the IRS makes it clear that a developer “may receive an allocation less than its [applied for] nameplate capacity.”
The allocation, not the project’s capacity, determines the credit value.
Reunion expects the IRS to fully allocate the credit
The IRS and DOE have stated that they can adjust the category allotments within the low-income bonus credit to ensure full allocation. Therefore, we expect the low-income bonus to be fully utilized every year – likely within the 30-day, all-applications-are-equal window.
The IRS and DOE have released extensive guidance and detailed resources for applicants
Guidance
- Initial guidance (February 13, 2023): Notice 2023-17, Initial Guidance Establishing Program to Allocate Environmental Justice Solar and Wind Capacity Limitation Under §48(e)
- Proposed regulations (May 31, 2023): Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, Additional Guidance on Low-Income Communities Bonus Credit Program
- Final regulations (August 10, 2023): Final Regulations, Additional Guidance on Low-Income Communities Bonus Credit Program
- Revenue procedure (August 10, 2023): Revenue Procedure 2023-27
Resources
- The Department of Energy (DOE) maintains a low-income communities bonus credit program website
- Applicant checklist
- Category 1 eligibility map with CEJST and persistent poverty county screens
- Category 3 eligible covered housing programs
- Category 4 household income limits
Related Articles
On April 25, the Treasury and IRS published final regulations for the Inflation Reduction Act’s tax credit transfer mechanism. The IRS also published a press release and updated their transferability FAQs.
The final regulations carried few surprises – other than, perhaps, arriving earlier than some market participants predicted – and preserved the status quo set by the June 2023 guidance.
At Reunion, we welcomed this "non-event" and the clarity it provided, and wanted to highlight several key consistencies.
Highlights from the final regulations
Individuals, trusts, estates, and closely held C corporations remain largely on the sidelines
Despite “many comments” calling for a change, widely held C corporations will remain the primary buyers of transferable tax credits. While this decision will likely decrease overall liquidity in the tax credit market, it will also limit the potential for fraud and abuse.
Passive activity rules generally limit individuals, trusts, estates, and closely held C corporations to applying transferable tax credits to passive income – not active income. The final regulations did not adjust this stance. (However, a potential exception exists for certain closely held C corporations, which allows them to offset active income with tax credits.)
Deprecation cannot be transferred
The IRS did not change its stance on depreciation. As the FAQ states, “Only a taxpayer that has an ownership interest in the project may claim tax depreciation. Transferability does not allow depreciation benefits to be transferred.”
Bonus credits cannot be sold separately
The IRA created three bonus, or adder, credits, which can increase the value of a clean energy project’s tax credits:
- Energy communities
- Low-income communities
- Domestic content
The Treasury’s June guidance stated that bonus credits cannot be sold separately from a project’s other credits. A developer cannot, in other words, sell its base credits to one company and its bonus credits – perhaps at a different price per credit – to another company.
Instead, all credits must be sold as “vertical slices” and be pari passu to one another. In practice, if a single project has multiple buyers for its credits, all buyers have the same risk exposure.
April’s regulations did not change the Treasury’s position.
The "intends to purchase" provision remains unchanged
Tax credit buyers can still "take into account a specified credit portion that it has purchased, or intends to purchase, to calculate its estimated tax payments." Of course, buyers remain liable for any underpayments.
The regulations clarified that the "intends to purchase" language "illustrates that all the requirements of proposed §1.6418-2(b) do not have to be met for a transferee taxpayer to take the expected eligible credit into account in its estimated tax calculations."
Generators of §45X, §45V, and §45Q credits can make facility-specific elections for transferability or direct pay
An advanced manufacturer’s decision to use transferability or direct pay to monetize their §45X tax credits need not be binary. If a manufacturer has multiple facilities, they can make the transferability-or-direct-pay decision at the facility level. If a manufacturer only has one facility, however, their decision is binary.
The same optionality holds true for the §45V PTC for clean hydrogen and §45Q PTC carbon capture, although the timing of the election varies by credit:
- §45V PTC: The direct pay/transfer election is made during the taxable year the qualified clean hydrogen production facility is placed in service
- §45Q PTC: The direct pay/transfer election is made during the taxable year the “single process train” is placed in service
- §45X AMPC: The direct pay/transfer election is made during the taxable year in which eligible components are produced
Importantly, because the §45X election is made during the taxable year in which an eligible component is produced, production facilities that predated the IRS may be eligible for the credit.
Advanced cash payments for multi-year PTCs are not permitted – but borrowing against expected future tax credit payments is permitted
Although “upfront payments for PTCs determined in future taxable years are standard in tax equity transactions,” the final regulations stated that transferred PTCs must be paid for in cash one year at a time. This holds true for ten- and 12-year PTCs.
Permitting advanced payments would “raise several complex legal and administrative issues, such as whether an excessive credit transfer has occurred or if the eligible taxpayer has gross income if prepaid eligible credits were not transferred in a later tax year."
On an encouraging note, the final regulations specifically state that “there is no prohibition on either a transferee taxpayer” – that is, a tax credit buyer – “or another third-party loaning funds to an eligible taxpayer, including loans secured by an eligible credit purchase and sale agreement.”
Intermediaries can serve as brokers but not dealers
The final regulations, unsurprisingly, left unaltered the assumed role of tax credit intermediaries (like Reunion) in the transferability market. Intermediaries can serve as brokers and facilitators in tax credit transfers, helping to match and advise buyers and sellers.
Intermediaries cannot, however, serve as dealers, effectively taking ownership of a tax credit with the intent of transferring/selling it again.
“Required minimum documentation” remains the same
The final regulations acknowledge calls for an increase to the amount of required minimum documentation that an eligible taxpayer must provide to a transferee taxpayer to make a valid transfer.
Nonetheless, the Treasury and IRS left the required minimum unchanged. Perhaps as a nod to the validity of increasing the required minimum, the final regulations remind market participants that, “...while the required minimum documentation requirements are the same for all taxpayers, any particular agreement between an eligible taxpayer and transferee taxpayer may go beyond the required minimum documentation based on the arrangement of the parties. The proposed regulations allowed sufficient flexibility for market participants to determine if more information is necessary in a particular transaction, while balancing the burden of producing the required minimum documentation required to make a transfer election.”
The final regulations also remind market participants that "§6418(g)(2)(B) specifically places a due diligence responsibility on the transferee taxpayer."
Improvements likely coming to the pre-registration portal
The IRS opened the tax credit pre-registration portal in December to significant fanfare. But, as with any brand-new IT system, there have been calls for improvement.
While the IRS would not commit to set application review times, it left the door open to "continue to review the efficiency of the registration portal, including functionality responses from the public, to determine whether changes should be implemented or whether additional guidance or publications should be issued."
Plenty more guidance to come in the next 20-ish business days
In Norton Rose Fulbright’s annual Cost of Capital call, the panelists aptly brought attention to the Congressional Review Act, which “is a tool Congress can use to overturn certain federal agency actions.”
With respect to the Inflation Reduction Act, an incoming Congress (backed by a Trump administration) could use the CRA to unwind IRA regulations that were issued within 60 legislative days of the previous Congress.
Although the exact date for the beginning of the 60-day window remains to be seen, it’s potentially in late May or early June. This gives the Treasury and IRS a little over 20 business days to issue a backlog of IRA-related guidance and regulations.
The IRS 2023-2024 Priority Guidance Plan details what guidance the IRS is prioritizing through the end of the plan year, which is June 30, 2024.
Discuss the regulations with Reunion
Please contact Reunion's transactions team to understand how these final regulations could impact your organization's plans to purchase clean energy tax credits.
The market for clean energy tax credit transfers has accelerated rapidly in 2024, as corporate tax and treasury leaders see a significant new opportunity to reduce tax liabilities and increase corporate cash availability.
A complete transferable clean energy tax credit transaction, from identifying the opportunity to closing the deal, can be summarized in seven key steps.
Duration
Varies by company.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Through an introductory call, Reunion's transactions team can equip your company with insights on eligibility, appropriateness, market dynamics, and risk. We can also help your team prepare a business case/investment committee memo and provide supporting materials. For larger organizations, Reunion has organized tax credit "workshops," which we have found are particularly effective for aligning multiple functional teams.
Key resources
- Transferable tax credit handbook
- How early investors are approaching clean energy tax credits
- Sample business case or investment committee memo (by request)
Duration
One to three weeks.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Reunion takes a "push" and "pull" approach when helping companies find projects that most align with their needs. On the "push" front, we curate a list of tax credit opportunities based on the criteria we identified in step one and share it with your team. For many companies, we do this on a rolling basis as new projects join our platform. On the "pull" front, we provide your team with access to our managed tax credit marketplace, where we have over $7B (and growing) in near-term tax credits available.
Once your team has the right project(s) in mind, Reunion will populate our form term sheet on your company's behalf. We'll levarage our market intelligence to ensure your proposal is competitive and assist you in negotiating key terms, like timing of payment, indemnification, and tax credit insurance.
Key resources
- Tax credit marketplace
- Transferable tax credit transactions tracker
- Unlocking the economic benefits of tax credits before payment
- Sample term sheet (by request)
Duration
One to two weeks.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Reunion conducts a preliminary screen to identify any major issues up front ("fatal flaw" due diligence analysis). From that point, we consult with your team to assess risks and recommend appropriate mitigation strategies. Importantly, this step ensures alignment of incentives: we do not want to move a transaction forward unless there is a high probability of success.
We also provide validated market intelligence to compare your proposed transaction to the risk/reward profile of similar tax credit opportunities in the market.
Key resources
- Buying and selling clean energy tax credits
- What should corporations expect to pay for clean energy tax credits?
- Due diligence checklist (by request)
Duration
Two to six weeks. The precise duration depends largely on the number and relatively complexity of projects in the transaction.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Reunion spearheads the due diligence process by:
- Reviewing documents provided by the Seller, and requesting any missing or incomplete information
- Creating and organizing a data room, ensuring that due diligence documentation meets Reunion's checklist of required documentation
- Reunion will produce a summary due diligence memorandum summarizing our findings and highlighting any areas of concern
- If you are working with additional diligence advisors, Reunion will work closely with advisors to organize and accelerate their review process, reducing costs
Key resources
- Due diligence checklist (by request)
Duration
This step is optional and runs in parallel to step 4.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Reunion can help companies decide if insurance is an appropriate risk mitigation tool for their transaction. If we collectively determine that tax credit insurance makes sense, we can advise on insurance offerings, including the scope of coverage – e.g., structure, qualification, recapture, PWA, bonus credit adders – and where gaps might exist.
We can also help you validate that the insurance policy is appropriately sized and includes penalties and tax gross-up and contest costs.
Key resources
Duration
This step runs in parallel to step 4.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Reunion streamlines the negotiation process for buyers and sellers by providing a template legal document and helping parties focus on the most pertinent deal topics.
Key resources
Duration
Ongoing duration depending on credit type.
Goals and activities
How Reunion helps
Our transactions team will issue both parties reminders about filing requirements and deadlines, including tax forms and compliance. In subsequent tax years/quarters, Reunion will provide early acccess to new deals.
Key resources
Reunion’s team of clean energy and tax credit experts are here to support you through the entire process of buying and conducting due diligence on IRA tax credits. We draw on our deep expertise to help you navigate tax credit transactions, and our marketplace features the widest pool of tax credit opportunities available in the industry.
Our key differentiators include:
- Widest pool of high quality tax credits: We curate opportunities from our $7B marketplace, featuring 6+ supported technologies and projects ranging from under $3M to $300m+
- Extensive educational materials: We offer an extensive resource library featuring content on financial, legal, and market-related topics pertaining to IRA tax credits
- Hands-on due diligence: We support buyers throughout the transaction process, ensuring that the due diligence is performed at high quality and that risks are minimized upfront, saving you time and expense
- Industry-leading transaction team: Our transaction team consists of industry veterans, with experience raising $5+ billion in clean energy project financing `with partners such as US Bank, JP Morgan, Wells Fargo, Bank of America, Key Bank, PNC, Nord/LB, D.E. Shaw, First Reserve, and over a dozen Fortune 500 companies
- Market intelligence tools: Available upon request, we offer proprietary insights on tax credit pricing and data on key trends
Reunion is excited to host quarterly “office hours” for clean energy developers who would like to learn more about our marketplace and get a pulse on the overall transferability market.
Hosted on a quarterly basis
We will generally hold office hours on a quarterly basis and open registration one or two months in advance.
Designed for clean energy developers and manufacturers
Our office hours are designed for clean energy developers and manufacturers who have transferred, or are planning to transfer, IRA tax credits over the next 12 months. Developers need not have projects in Reunion's marketplace to participate.
Co-hosted by Reunion's founders
Reunion's founders, Billy Lee and Andy Moon, will co-host the hour-long sessions.
Billy and Andy pioneered solar financing structures with tax equity and private equity investors, leading some of the first solar transactions with institutions such as US Bank, JP Morgan, Wells Fargo, Bank of America, Key Bank, PNC, Nord/LB, D.E. Shaw, and First Reserve.
Questions welcome!
We want our office hours to be interactive, so please bring any questions you have, whether related to current market conditions, pricing, or commercial terms.
You're welcome to ask questions beforehand.
The latest energy community guidance, which meaningfully expanded the number of qualifying areas, placed the 10% adder back in the spotlight for the transferable tax credit marketplace. At the same time, Reunion has observed a marked increase in the number of projects in our marketplace claiming the energy community bonus.
While our transferable tax credit handbook goes deep on energy communities, we wanted to share a comprehensive (and refreshed) look at the adder.
Our guide begins with the basics, so we invite you to jump ahead.
- Background and scope
- Credit and project eligibility
- Diligence
- Guidance
- Annual updates to areas qualifying as energy communities
- Resources
The Inflation Reduction Act created three bonus credits, or "adders"
The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) created three "bonus" credits that can increase the value of a clean energy project's transferable tax credits:
- Domestic content: 10% bonus
- Energy community: 10% bonus
- Low-income community: 10% or 20% bonus
The energy community adder provides a 10% bonus credit
The energy community bonus provides a 10% increase to a project's credit value if the underlying project is located in an energy community (and meets prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements).
A utility-scale solar project, for instance, that meets PWA requirements would receive tax credits worth 30% of its eligible cost basis. If the same project is located in an energy community, it would receive tax credits worth 40% of its eligible basis.
The IRA defines three types of energy communities
To qualify for the energy community bonus, a project must be located in at least one of three energy community "categories."
Category 1: Brownfield
A brownfield site is defined in 42 U.S.C. § 9601(39)(A) as "real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant" (as defined under 42 U.S.C. § 9601), and includes certain "mine-scarred land" (as defined in 42 U.S.C. § 9601(39)(D)(ii)(III)). A Brownfield site does not include the categories of property described in 42 U.S.C. § 9601(39)(B).
Three types of sites qualify as a brownfield under a safe harbor:
- Existing brownfield: Brownfields that are already tracked by a federal, state, territorial, or federally-recognized Indian tribal brownfields program. Many states, like Idaho and New York, have their own brownfields programs with supporting maps. A valid brownfield site could be tracked by a state program but not a federal program, and vice versa
- Phase II assessment: A Phase II Assessment has been completed with respect to the site and such Phase II Assessment confirms the presence on the site of a hazardous substance as defined under 42 U.S.C. § 9601(14), or a pollutant or contaminant as defined under 42 U.S.C. § 9601(33)
- Phase 1 assessment (for projects with a nameplate capacity of not greater than 5MWac): A Phase I Assessment has been completed with respect to the site and such Phase I Assessment identifies the presence or potential presence on the site of a hazardous substance, or a pollutant or contaminant.
Category 2: Coal closure
A census tract (or directly adjoining census tract):
- in which a coal mine has closed after 1999; or
- in which a coal-fired electric generating unit has been retired after 2009
Category 3: Statistical area
A "metropolitan statistical area" (MSA) or "non-metropolitan statistical area" (non-MSA) that has (or had at any time after 2009):
- 0.17% or greater direct employment or 25% or greater local tax revenues related to the extraction, processing, transport, or storage of coal, oil, or natural gas; and
- has an unemployment rate or above the national average unemployment rate for the previous year
The scope of "direct employment" is determined by ten NAICS codes.
No double bonus for multiple energy communities
If a clean energy project is located in two energy communities – a brownfield site within a coal community, for instance – the bonus remains 10%. Developers cannot double up.
Bonus credits cannot be sold in stand-alone tranches
Bonus credits are not treated differently from base credits for the purpose of transferability. Treasury guidance released in June 2023 specified that all transferable credits must be sold as “vertical slices” and be pari passu to one another, as opposed to “horizontally” bifurcating bonus credits from base credits.
Four IRA credits are eligible for the energy community bonus
The IRA created 11 transferable tax credits, four of which are eligible for the energy community bonus:
- §45 PTC: Electricity produced from certain renewable resources
- §45Y PTC: Clean electricity production credit
- §48 ITC: Energy credit
- §48E ITC: Clean electricity investment credit
§48 and §48E ITC eligibility determined on placed-in-service date
For projects that claim an investment tax credit under §48 or §48E, eligibility for the energy community bonus credit is determined on the date that the project is placed in service (PIS) and is not tested again.
Because eligibility is determined on a PIS date that is subject to potential delays, developers should think carefully about how to incorporate the statistical area category into their financial assumptions.
The statistical area category is determined annually, based on the prior year's unemployment rate. As the IRS FAQs state, "Because an MSA's or non-MSA's status as an energy community depends on its unemployment rate for the previous year, an MSA or non-MSA that qualifies as an energy community in one period might not qualify as an energy community in a later period if its unemployment rate for the previous year falls below the national average."
§45 and §45Y PTC eligibility determined annually with a beginning-of-construction safe harbor
For projects that claim a production tax credit under §45 or §45Y, eligibility for the energy community bonus credit must be determined every year during the ten-year PTC period. Theoretically, a wind project could qualify one year under the statistical area category but not qualify the following year because of a change in employment rates.
However, the IRS created a safe harbor for PTC projects with beginning-of-construction dates on or after January 1, 2023. If the project owner determines that the project is eligible for the energy community bonus credit on the date construction is considered to have started for tax purposes, then the project will qualify for the bonus credit for the entire ten-year PTC period and is not tested again.
"Legacy" §45 PTCs are not eligible for energy community bonus
Projects that generate §45 PTCs that were placed in service before December 31, 2022 are not eligible for the energy community bonus, even if the project happens to be located in an energy community and is within its ten-year period of credit generation.
The December 31, 2022 date is set in the IRA itself (H.R.5376).
50% of a project's nameplate capacity (or square footage) must be in an energy community
A project qualifies for the energy community bonus if at least half (50%) of its nameplate capacity is in an energy community. According to the IRS, nameplate capacity is the DC capacity that a project is capable of producing on a steady-state basis during continuous operation under standard conditions.
For battery storage projects, at least half (50%) of the storage capacity, as measured in megawatt hours, should be in an energy community.
Lastly, for projects that do not generate nor store energy, like biogas, the 50% threshold is measured on a square footage basis.
When performing due diligence on the energy community bonus, it's helpful to approach the process based on the credit type and energy community category.
Credit type
ITCs
Tax credit buyers should request documentation that demonstrates when and where the project was placed in service. Then, buyers and their advisors should crosswalk that location to an appropriate energy community siting resource, like one of the IRS's appendices. (We provide links to these appendices in the guidance section of this post.)
When validating a project's location, it's important to keep the "50%" rule in mind.
PTCs
Due diligencing the energy community bonus for PTCs is effectively the same as ITCs, although buyers will want to validate when and where the project began construction (versus when and where the project was placed in service). Once again, it's important to keep the "50%" rule in mind.
Energy community category
As far as each category is concerned, the statistical area and coal closure categories are relatively straightforward from a due diligence standpoint: the IRS has published lists of areas that qualify for each. The brownfield category, however, may present a slightly more nuanced due diligence process.
Statistical area
It's important to recall that the statistical area category changes every year, based on the prior year's unemployment rate. As we'll discuss below, the IRS is obligated to publish updates to this category every year, generally in May.
Coal closure
Unlike the statistical area category, the coal closure category cannot shrink – that is, once an area qualifies as a coal closure, it remains as such for the duration of the energy community bonus.
However, the coal closure category can expand, and we fully expect it to do so. According to a 2022 analysis by the Energy Information Agency (EIA), nearly a quarter of the operating U.S. coal-fired fleet is scheduled to retire by 2029. Every closure will add more census tracts to the list of areas eligible for the energy community bonus.
Brownfield
The IRS has not published – and, as far as we know, has no plans to publish – a consolidated list of areas that qualify as brownfields for purposes of the energy community bonus. In fact, the DOE energy community map doesn't even include federally-recognized brownfield sites. (The EPA, however, maintains a list of federally-recognized brownfields in its cleanups in my community map.)
We doubt the IRS or any federal agency will publish a definitive list of brownfields. There are simply too many moving parts across federal, state, local, and tribal brownfields programs.
So, an opinion from an environmental attorney may be warranted, and the scope of the opinion will vary based on which of the three brownfields safe harbors a project is claiming.
Latest guidance expands the number of areas that are eligible for the energy community bonus
The most recent IRS guidance, Notice 2024-30, broadened eligibility for the energy community bonus through two key changes:
- Expansion of the "nameplate capacity attribution rule"
- Inclusion of two additional NAICS codes – which are in our list above – for determining the fossil fuel employment rate for a statistical area category
Expansion of the nameplate capacity attribution rule
The "nameplate capacity attribution rule" pertains to projects with offshore generation – namely, offshore wind – that have a nameplate capacity but are not located within a census tract, an MSA, or a non-MSA. The rule, essentially, allows developers to allocate their offshore nameplate capacity onshore for purposes of qualifying for the energy community bonus.
Prior to Notice 2024-30, the attribution rule generally allowed offshore wind projects to qualify for the energy community bonus if their power-conditioning equipment closest to the point of interconnection was in an energy community.
Notice 2024-30 expanded the nameplate capacity attribution rule to include not only power-conditioning equipment, but also supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) equipment.
SCADA equipment must be owned by the developer and located in an "energy community project port." To qualify as an energy community project port, a port must:
- Be used "either full or part-time to facilitate maritime operations necessary for the installation or operation and maintenance" of the project
- Have a "significant long-term relationship" with the project, meaning the developer owns or leases all or part of the port for a minimum term of ten years
- Be the location at which staff employed by, or working as independent contractors for, the project are based and perform functions essential to the project's operations. Essential functions include "management of marine operations, inventory and handling of spare parts and consumables, and berthing and dispatch of operation and maintenance vessels and associated crews and technicians"
Inclusion of two additional NAICS codes
Notice 2024-30 added two additional NAICS codes for determining the fossil fuel employment rate for a statistical area category:
- 2212: Natural gas distribution
- 23712: Oil and gas and pipeline and related structures construction
These NAICS codes cover workers in local gas distribution companies and construction workers on oil and gas pipelines.
According to Norton Rose Fulbright, "The biggest additions to the list of potentially eligible counties are in six Midwestern states: Minnesota (57), Missouri (57), Illinois (28), North Dakota (23), Wisconsin (23) and Indiana (20)."
The IRS has released five pieces of energy community guidance, with regulations to come soon
Energy community regulations should arrive by June 30, 2024
As Notice 2024-30 notes, proposed regulations are forthcoming. Until then, "taxpayers may rely on the rules described in sections 3 through 6 of Notice 2023-29, as previously clarified by Notice 2023-45 and modified by section 3 [of] this notice, for taxable years ending after April 4, 2023."
Based on the Q2 update to the IRS 2023-2024 Priority Guidance Plan, energy community regulations should arrive before the end of the current "plan year," which concludes on June 30, 2024.
Where to find the latest guidance
The IRS and Treasury maintain lists of IRA-related guidance, including guidance specific to the energy community adder. Although the lists generally overlap, there may be differences based on when each website was last updated.
Below is a close look at all the guidance that's been released through March 2024.
Notice 2022-51: Request for Comments on Prevailing Wage, Apprenticeship, Domestic Content, and Energy Communities Requirements under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
- Date: October 5, 2022
- News release: IRS
- Companion documents: N/A
Notice 2023-29: Energy Community Bonus Credit Amounts under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
- Date: April 4, 2023
- News release: IRS
- Companion documents: Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C
Notice 2023-45: Energy Community Bonus Credit Amounts under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
Notice 2023-47: Energy Community Bonus Credit Amounts or Rates (Annual Statistical Area Category Update and Coal Closure Category Update)
- Date: June 15, 2023
- News release: IRS
- Companion documents: Appendix 1, Appendix 2, Appendix 3
Notice 2024-30: Energy Community Bonus Credit Amounts under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022
- Date: March 22, 2024
- News release: IRS
- Companion documents: Appendix 1, Appendix 2
Expect energy community eligibility updates every May, beginning in 2024
According to Notice 2023-29, "The Treasury Department and the IRS intend to update the listing of the Statistical Area Category based on Fossil Fuel Employment annually. These updates generally will be issued annually in May."
The first update should arrive in May 2024 – that is, next month.
DOE, EPA, and IRS have provided energy community eligibility and project siting resources
U.S. federal agencies who are responsible for administering or managing parts of the energy community bonus credit have published several key resources that are valuable to buyers, sellers, and their advisors:
- Department of Energy (DOE): Energy community map
- IRS: Frequently asked questions
- DOE National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL): Frequently asked questions
- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): RE-powering America's land initiative
- EPA: Cleanups in my community
- Interagency working group: Energy community tax credit bonus
To learn more, you can download our 100-page transferable tax credit handbook or start a conversation with our transactions team.
.png)
